1,009 research outputs found
Intraoperative management of ETT and LMA cuff pressures: a survey of anaesthetists’ knowledge, attitude and current practice
Background: Endotracheal tubes and laryngeal mask airway devices are routinely used during anaesthesia. Inappropriate inflation of cuffs has been shown to cause postoperative airway morbidity, and limiting the pressure decreases the incidence of pharyngo-laryngeal complications. Subjective measurements of cuff pressures correlate poorly to actual pressures, yet the use of objective cuff manometry is not routinely practised. The aim of this study was to determine current clinical practice of cuff inflation as well as the knowledge and attitude of anaesthetists in the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care.Methods: This was a descriptive, observational study and data were collected using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire from practising anaesthetists in the UKZN Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care.Results: A total of 160 anaesthetists participated. The minimal occlusive volume test (38.8%) and the pilot balloon palpation technique (36.3%) were most commonly used. Most participants felt it was important to accurately measure ETT (84.8%) and LMA (56.1%) cuff pressures and that using a cuff manometer should be mandatory (76%). Reasons for not using it routinely included manometers not being readily available. Gaps in knowledge and education were also identified.Conclusion: There is increasing importance placed on quality assurance. Clinical practice varies widely among practitioners with the only consistency being the omission of cuff manometers during routine intraoperative management, despite their proven benefit and efficacy. The authors propose recommendations to facilitate the routine intraoperative use of cuff manometers.Keywords: anaesthesia, cuff manometer, endotracheal, intracuff pressure, intubation, laryngeal mask airway, sore throat, tracheo-laryngeal complication
Sistema modular para superfícies ajardinadas-produzido com geopolímeros e aglomerado negro de cortiça
O aglomerado negro de cortiça expandida foi fornecido pela ISOCOR/SOFALCA.A integração de superfícies ajardinadas em edifícios, como coberturas e paredes verdes, pode constituir uma estratégia passiva de poupança de energia, entre outros benefícios, como se discute neste trabalho. Em primeiro lugar é apresentada uma síntese dos principais benefícios da integração das superfícies ajardinadas em edifícios. Em seguida, são analisadas as principais características das coberturas e paredes verdes. Por fim, é apresentada uma descrição detalhada da concepção do sistema modular GEOGREEN e as suas características inovadoras relevantes.Fundação Portuguesa para a Ciência e Tecnologia, FCT
The Role of a Federally Qualified Health Center in Identification and Management of an Occupational COVID-19 Outbreak: Lessons for Future Infection Surveillance and Response
Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) have been essential in response to COVID-19 outbreaks among vulnerable populations. Our rural FQHC had a primary role in early detection of and response to a poultry plant-related outbreak at the outset of the pandemic that disproportionately and gravely affected the local Hispanic community. The health center activated a rapid local response that included the community's first mass testing event and first acute respiratory treatment clinic, both of which were central to abatement. Lessons learned from this experience provide important guidance for the potential role of FQHCs in infection outbreak preparedness in marginalized communities
Corrections to the statistical entropy of five dimensional black holes
We compute the statistical entropy of the three charge (D1-D5-p) five
dimensional black hole to sub-leading order in a large charge expansion. We
find an agreement with the macroscopic calculation of the Wald entropy in R^2
corrected supergravity theory. The two calculations have a overlapping regime
of validity which is not the Cardy regime. We use this result to clarify the
4d-5d lift for black holes on Taub-NUT space. In particular, we compute
sub-leading corrections to the formula S^{4d} = S^{5d}. In the microscopic
analysis, this correction arises from excitations bound to the Taub-NUT space.
In the macroscopic picture, the difference is accounted by a mechanism present
in a higher derivative theory wherein the geometry of the Taub-NUT space
absorbes some of the electric charge.Comment: 25 pages. Few changes and improvements. To be published in JHE
Logarithmic Corrections to Rotating Extremal Black Hole Entropy in Four and Five Dimensions
We compute logarithmic corrections to the entropy of rotating extremal black
holes using quantum entropy function i.e. Euclidean quantum gravity approach.
Our analysis includes five dimensional supersymmetric BMPV black holes in type
IIB string theory on T^5 and K3 x S^1 as well as in the five dimensional CHL
models, and also non-supersymmetric extremal Kerr black hole and slowly
rotating extremal Kerr-Newmann black holes in four dimensions. For BMPV black
holes our results are in perfect agreement with the microscopic results derived
from string theory. In particular we reproduce correctly the dependence of the
logarithmic corrections on the number of U(1) gauge fields in the theory, and
on the angular momentum carried by the black hole in different scaling limits.
We also explain the shortcomings of the Cardy limit in explaining the
logarithmic corrections in the limit in which the (super)gravity description of
these black holes becomes a valid approximation. For non-supersymmetric
extremal black holes, e.g. for the extremal Kerr black hole in four dimensions,
our result provides a stringent testing ground for any microscopic explanation
of the black hole entropy, e.g. Kerr/CFT correspondence.Comment: LaTeX file, 50 pages; v2: added extensive discussion on the relation
between boundary condition and choice of ensemble, modified analysis for
slowly rotating black holes, all results remain unchanged, typos corrected;
v3: minor additions and correction
Study of Tau-pair Production in Photon-Photon Collisions at LEP and Limits on the Anomalous Electromagnetic Moments of the Tau Lepton
Tau-pair production in the process e+e- -> e+e-tau+tau- was studied using
data collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP2 during the years 1997 - 2000.
The corresponding integrated luminosity is 650 pb^{-1}. The values of the
cross-section obtained are found to be in agreement with QED predictions.
Limits on the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau lepton
are deduced.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by Eur. Phys. J.
Evidence for an Excess of Soft Photons in Hadronic Decays of Z^0
Soft photons inside hadronic jets converted in front of the DELPHI main
tracker (TPC) in events of qqbar disintegrations of the Z^0 were studied in the
kinematic range 0.2 < E_gamma < 1 GeV and transverse momentum with respect to
the closest jet direction p_T < 80 MeV/c. A clear excess of photons in the
experimental data as compared to the Monte Carlo predictions is observed. This
excess (uncorrected for the photon detection efficiency) is (1.17 +/- 0.06 +/-
0.27) x 10^{-3} gamma/jet in the specified kinematic region, while the expected
level of the inner hadronic bremsstrahlung (which is not included in the Monte
Carlo) is (0.340 +/- 0.001 +/- 0.038) x 10^{-3} gamma/jet. The ratio of the
excess to the predicted bremsstrahlung rate is then (3.4 +/- 0.2 +/- 0.8),
which is similar in strength to the anomalous soft photon signal observed in
fixed target experiments with hadronic beams.Comment: 37 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by Eur. Phys. J.
CP asymmetry in in a general two-Higgs-doublet model with fourth-generation quarks
We discuss the time-dependent CP asymmetry of decay in an
extension of the Standard Model with both two Higgs doublets and additional
fourth-generation quarks. We show that although the Standard Model with
two-Higgs-doublet and the Standard model with fourth generation quarks alone
are not likely to largely change the effective from the decay of
, the model with both additional Higgs doublet and
fourth-generation quarks can easily account for the possible large negative
value of without conflicting with other experimental
constraints. In this model, additional large CP violating effects may arise
from the flavor changing Yukawa interactions between neutral Higgs bosons and
the heavy fourth generation down type quark, which can modify the QCD penguin
contributions. With the constraints obtained from processes
such as and , this model can lead to the
effective to be as large as in the CP asymmetry of .Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, references added, to appear in Eur.Phys.J.
Study of Inclusive J/psi Production in Two-Photon Collisions at LEP II with the DELPHI Detector
Inclusive J/psi production in photon-photon collisions has been observed at
LEP II beam energies. A clear signal from the reaction gamma gamma -> J/psi+X
is seen. The number of observed N(J/psi -> mu+mu-) events is 36 +/- 7 for an
integrated luminosity of 617 pb^{-1}, yielding a cross-section of
sigma(J/psi+X) = 45 +/- 9 (stat) +/- 17 (syst) pb. Based on a study of the
event shapes of different types of gamma gamma processes in the PYTHIA program,
we conclude that (74 +/- 22)% of the observed J/psi events are due to
`resolved' photons, the dominant contribution of which is most probably due to
the gluon content of the photon.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, Accepted by Phys. Lett.
Energy dependence of Cronin momentum in saturation model for and collisions
We calculate dependence of Cronin momentum for and
collisions in saturation model. We show that this dependence is consistent with
expectation from formula which was obtained using simple dimentional
consideration. This can be used to test validity of saturation model (and
distinguish among its variants) and measure dependence of saturation
momentum from experimental data.Comment: LaTeX2e, 12 pages, 8 figure
- …